A certain quality that I found interesting about Odysseus is the way he establishes himself as a person. His identity is in his name. He uses his name as a way to establish himself as a fighter, and as a hero. The epic's title is, after all, his name: "The Odyssey."
Back in book 9 is where this comes up the most, just now have I thought about it.
In book 9, Odysseus comes up with a major plan. This successful plan is to overcome and trick the Cyclops Polyphemus was through the changing of his name. “Nobody—that’s my name. Nobody---so my mother and father call me, all my friends.” (9:410-411)
However, I find it something that Odysseus felt the need to blow this cover. It was originally a very clever idea—one that had at first worked flawlessly. When Odysseus attacked Polyphemus called out to his friends: “Nobody, friends….Nobody’s killing me now by fraud and not by force!” (9:454-455)
Odysseus, however, after already escaping from Polyphemus, felt the strong urge to tell Polyphemus who he is, to identify himself. “Cyclops—if any man on the face of the earth should ask you who blinded you, shamed you so – say Odysseus, raider of the cities, he gouged out your eye, Laertes’ son who makes his home in Ithaca !”
He broadcasts to the Cyclops what his real name is, not caring that Polyphemus is the son of Poseidon, thus he has the power to have curses cast on Odysseus. I am sure that being threatened by Polyphemus’ curses was not part of Odysseus’ plan, but all he wanted was for the inhabitants of the Cyclops’ island to think of him as "Odysseus" not just any old ship captain, or explorer. He's proud of his name. Thus, he is proud of who he is. He's proud of what he accomplished in defeating the Cyclops. Odysseus uses his name as a reminder for what his goal is, what his mission is. If he forgets his name, what else does he have to hold on to ? If he doesn’t identify himself to the Cyclops, what goes does it do ? What was all the effort for ? (Besides escaping, of course.) With his name comes his reputation, and he wants to keep his reputation well, reputable.
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